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Abstract
An
appealing therapeutic approach
for the management of type
2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)
is glucagon-like peptide receptor
agonists (GLP-1 RA), which
have a number of implications,
including glycemia control
through insulin activation
and glucagon release inhibition
as well as decreasing adiposity
by improving satiety. From
August, 2023, ScienceDirect
and PubMed databases were
searched for terms “GLP-1”,
“GLP-1 receptor agonist”,
“diabetes mellitus”,
“all-cause mortality
rate”, “cardioprotection”
and “Renal protection”.
The published literature was
taken from August 22, 2023
to September
05, 2023. Inclusion criteria
were clinical studies, diabetic
patients, and FDA-approved
GLP-1 receptor agonist. Exclusion
criteria were pre-clinical
studies and non-diabetic patients.
There is now a handful of
GLP-1 RA in use, and others
are being researched. GLP-1
RA is frequently taken in
conjunction with other medications
that decrease blood sugar.
In the upcoming decade, hybrid
compounds with dual or triple
activities as well as more
powerful and long-lasting
medications are predicted
to be developed. Major adverse
cardiovascular events (MACE)
are reduced by this GLP-1
RA in T2DM patients and offer
renal protection. The aforementioned
class of drugs is also known
to reduce all-cause mortality
in people with T2DM. In individuals
for whom insulin was considered
an option following failure
of oral hypoglycemic medications,
the emergence of GLP-1 analogues
is an important improvement
to the treatment toolbox.
The published research on
using GLP-1 RA for treating
T2DM is compiled in the present
review. It also provides a
summary of the clinical trials
that suggest GLP-1 RA play
a role in reducing all-cause
mortality rates.
Keywords: Glucagon-like
peptide receptor agonists;
Diabetes mellitus; Cardioprotection;
Renal protection; All-cause
mortality rates.
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