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Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)
is a chronic and intricate
metabolic condition. Sodium-glucose
co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors
are the recent category of
oral medicines that are FDA-approved
for treating T2DM. Significant
advancements have been made
in this class of drugs’
safety and effectiveness over
the previous years. By decreasing
renal tubular glucose uptake,
SGLT2 inhibitors lower blood
sugar levels without triggering
the release of insulin. The
beneficial impacts of SGLT2
in T2DM have been confirmed
in preliminary clinical studies
with satisfactory safety and
high tolerability. SGLT2 inhibitors
have recently received FDA
approval for a variety of
uses, including heart failure
(HF) treatment for reduced
and preserved ejection fraction,
diabetic kidney disease (DKD)
treatment, and reduction of
hospitalizations for HF in
patients with T2DM and DKD.
In T2DM persons with cardiovascular
disease (CVD), these advantages
include lowering cardiovascular
mortality as well as the risk
of cardiac arrest and stroke.
The present article summarizes
the SGLT2 inhibitors and their
clinical benefits in diabetes
management and cardiorenal
protection.
Keywords:
Diabetes mellitus; Sodium-glucose
cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors;
cardiac protection, renal
protection; Insulin
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