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July 2020 -
Volume 18, Issue 7

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From the Editor

Editorial
A. Abyad (Chief Editor)
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Original Contribution

Physical activity guidelines awareness and counselling practice in relation to health care providers’ knowledge and behaviour in Qatar
[Abstract]
[pdf]
Mohamed Ghaith Al-Kuwari, Ahmad Muslim Al-Hamdani , Wadha Ahmad Al-Baker
DOI: 10.5742MEWFM.2020.93828

Satisfaction among patients attending the continuity of care clinic in West Bay health center in Qatar
[Abstract]
[pdf]
Mohamed Salem, Amal Al-Ali, Lolwa Al-Maslamani, Hisham El-Mahdi, Shumoos Abed, Mustafa Abugesiesa, Safa Qaissi, Sahar Omer, Eman Abuhzima
DOI: 10.5742MEWFM.2020.93829

Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of self-medication among Undergraduate Medical Students in Jeddah city, Saudi Arabia
[Abstract]
[pdf]
Reham Al-Jamea, Asseil Bossei, Hanan Al Zhrani, Faisal Bossei, Wed Faiz, Maaly Alqurashi, Hydi Ahmed
DOI: 10.5742MEWFM.2020.93830

What a low prevalence of diabetes mellitus between the most desired values of high density lipoproteins in the plasma
[Abstract]
[pdf]
Mehmet Rami Helvaci, Abdulrazak Abyad, Lesley Pocock
DOI: 10.5742MEWFM.2020.93831

Population and Community Studies

Evaluation of Postpartum Stress in Breastfeeding and Non-breastfeeding Mothers of Kathmandu, Nepal
[Abstract]
[pdf]
Kharel Sushil, Raut Binod, Mainalee Mandira
DOI: 10.5742MEWFM.2020.93832

Osteoporosis in Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis Patients
[Abstract]
[pdf]
Jinan Q. Mohammed, Abdulsatar J. Mathkhor, Alaa H. Abed
DOI: 10.5742MEWFM.2020.93833

COVID-19 in Pakistan: A Grim-looking Trajectory
[Abstract]
[pdf]
Salman Tariq, Naveen Tariq, Waris Qidwai
DOI: 10.5742MEWFM.2020.93834

Review

Diabetes Management in Ramadan – A Clinical Review
[Abstract]
[pdf]
Jazeb Razaq, Shayaan Ahmed Saqib
DOI: 10.5742MEWFM.2020.93835

Parkinson’s Disease: An update on Pathophysiology, Epidemiology, Diagnosis and Management
Part 3 : Diagnosis , Symptoms, and Prognosis of Parkinson’s Disease
[Abstract]
[pdf]
Abdukrazak Abyad
DOI: 10.5742MEWFM.2020.93836

Case study

Haemoperitoneum in undiagnosed fundal placenta percreta in a third trimester pregnancy presented in labor: A case report
[Abstract]
[pdf]
Nansi Dari Alfayez, Taghreed Mohammed Aldajeh, Mohmmad Abed Al-rahaman AL-harasis, Ahmad Saad Kharabsheh, Khalil Abdel Wahhab Al-Tamimi
DOI: 10.5742MEWFM.2020.93837

Original Clinical Research

Post-stroke Delirium: Meta-analysis of Frequency
Saleha Al-Jadidi, Martin Cole, Alina Dyachenko, Antonio Ciampi
[Abstract]
[pdf]
DOI: 10.5742MEWFM.2020.93838


Middle East Quality Improvement Program
(MEQUIP QI&CPD)

Chief Editor -
Abdulrazak Abyad MD, MPH, MBA, AGSF, AFCHSE
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Editorial Office -
Abyad Medical Center & Middle East Longevity Institute
Azmi Street, Abdo Center,
PO BOX 618
Tripoli, Lebanon
Phone: (961) 6-443684
Fax:     (961) 6-443685
Email: aabyad@cyberia.net.lb
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Publisher -
Lesley Pocock
medi+WORLD International
AUSTRALIA
Email: lesleypocock@mediworld.com.au
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Editorial Enquiries -
abyad@cyberia.net.lb
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Advertising Enquiries -
lesleypocock@mediworld.com.au
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While all efforts have been made to ensure the accuracy of the information in this journal, opinions expressed are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of The Publishers, Editor or the Editorial Board. The publishers, Editor and Editorial Board cannot be held responsible for errors or any consequences arising from the use of information contained in this journal; or the views and opinions expressed. Publication of any advertisements does not constitute any endorsement by the Publishers and Editors of the product advertised.

The contents of this journal are copyright. Apart from any fair dealing for purposes of private study, research, criticism or review, as permitted under the Australian Copyright Act, no part of this program may be reproduced without the permission of the publisher.
September 2020 - Volume 18, Issue 9

Early effects of smoking and environmental pollution on lung function, respiratory symptoms and allergic disorders

Fathi M. El-Gamal (1)
Ahmed M. Alserihi (2)
Abdullah O. Alhasawi (2)
Abdulrahman S. Alshamrani (2)
Eyad M. Alghamdi (2)
Hussain S. Althumali (2)
Mohammed A. Al-Ghamdi (2)

(1) Chairman of the Family Medicine department, Ibn Sina National College, Jeddah, KSA
(2) Medicine program, Ibn Sina National College, Jeddah, KSA

Corresponding author:
Prof. F. M. El-Gamal, Department of Family Medicine,
Ibn Sina National College. Al Mahjer Street. Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Tel: 6356555-6355882 / Fax: 6375344 – P.O. Box 31906 Jeddah 21418
Email: drfathimhelgamal1996@hotmail.com

Received: July 2020; Accepted: August 2020; Published: September 1, 2020. Citation: Fathi M. El-Gamal et al. Early effects of smoking and environmental pollution on lung function, respiratory symptoms and allergic disorders. World Family Medicine. 2020; 18(9): 115-123. DOI: 10.5742/MEWFM.2020.93867

Abstract


Background: Smoking and exposure to workplace environmental pollutants could be associated with adverse effects on respiratory health and occurrence of allergic disorders.

Objectives: To explore the early effects of exposure to cement dust in the workplace and smoking, on the occurrence of respiratory and allergic disorders in young adults.

Design: It is a cross-sectional study, where a convenient non-probability sample was selected.

Setting: The sstudy was conducted in a cement manufacturing factory at the North of Jeddah city and at a medical college.

Sample size: One hundred subjects were studied (50 workers exposed to cement dust, and 50 subjects, not exposed to any noxious substances).

Method: Each subject was asked to fill out a personal questionnaire (to collect socio-demographic, and health data), an occupational questionnaire, and the MRC questionnaire on respiratory symptoms and smoking habit, and ISAAC core questionnaire on asthma and allergy. Anthropometric measurements and forced spirometry (before and after administration of the bronchodilator), were conducted on eachsubject. Multi-nominal Logistic regression and multiple linear regression were used. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated. The level of significance for the study was 0.05.

Results: Smoking was significantly associated with chronic cough (OR=3.68; 95% CI: 0.99, 15.11 and p < 0.05), chronic phlegm production (OR=8.83; 95% CI: 2.33, 33.51, and p < 0.001), shortness of breath on exertion (OR=4.18; 95% CI: 1.49, 11.66, and p < 0.006), and eczema (OR=6.43; 95% CI: 1.33, 31.14, and p < 0.021). After allowing for age, height, weight and cement dust exposure, smoking subjects had significantly lower FEV1% compared to nonsmokers (Beta= -3.45%, p < 0.05). Cement dust exposure was not significantly associated with ill health.

Conclusions: Early effects of smoking are increased chronic respiratory symptoms and occurrence of eczema. FEV1% is the early affected lung function index in smokers, denoting airflow limitation. Cement exposure under the current environmental factory conditions seems to be safe.

Key words: Smoking, cement exposure, forced spirometry, allergic disorders

 







 


 
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