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| From
the Editor |
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Editorial
A. Abyad (Chief Editor) |
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........................................................
In Memoriam
Professor
Orhan Ekrem Müftüoglu
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Original
Contribution / Clinical Investigation
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Cholelithiasis
and cholecystectomy may lower the low density
lipoprotein cholesterol in plasma
DOI: 10.5742/MEWFM.2017.93010
[pdf
version]
Mehmet Rami Helvaci, Mursel Davarci, Orhan Veli
Ozkan, Ersan Semerci, Abdulrazak Abyad, Lesley
Pocock
Serum
and follicular fluid vitamin D and follicular
response among infertile women undergoing ICSI
DOI: 10.5742/MEWFM.2017.93011
[pdf
version]
Sedighe Esmaeilzadeh, Maryam Aliasgharpour,
Parvaneh Mirabi, Azita Ghanbarpour
Maede Fasihian
Studying
the relation of quality of work life with socio-economic
status and general health among the employees
working in Students Welfare Fund of Ministry
of Health and Medical Education in 2016
DOI: 10.5742/MEWFM.2017.93012
[pdf
version]
Saeed Reza Azami, Nasrin Shaarbafchizadeh, Soheil
Mokhtari, Ali Maher
On the Effect
of Cognitive Behavioural Counseling on Sexual
Satisfaction of Mothers with Autistic Children:
A Randomized Clinical Trial
DOI:
[pdf version]
Leila Arbil, Mitra Kolivand, Farzaneh Golboni,
Effat MerghatiKhoei, Mansour Rezaei
Pre-operative
sublingual misoprostol and intra-operative blood
loss during total abdominal hysterectomy: a
randomized single-blinded controlled clinical
trial
DOI: 10.5742/MEWFM.2017.93013
[pdf
version]
Taravat Fakheri, Tayebe Noori
Investigating
the Effect of Endotracheal Tube Cuff Pressure
on Sore Throat, Hoarseness and Cough in Patients
with Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery
DOI: 10.5742/MEWFM.2017.93014
[pdf
version]
Ali Akbar Vaezi, Mohammad Hassan Mondegari Bamakan
Comparing
the Self-Esteem and Resiliency between Blind
and Sighted Children and Adolescents in Kermanshah
City
DOI: 10.5742/MEWFM.2017.93015
[pdf
version]
Saeedeh Bakhshi, Nafiseh Montazeri , Babak Nazari,
Arash Ziapour, Hashem Barahooyi,
Fatemeh Dehghan
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Population
and Community Studies
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Frequency
of Uric Acid Levels, Symptomatic and Asymptomatic
Hyperuricemia among the Pakistani Population
DOI: 10.5742/MEWFM.2017.93016
[pdf
version]
Waris Qidwai, Masood Jawaid
Determinants
of Tooth Brushing among Primary School Students
DOI: 10.5742/MEWFM.2017.93017
[pdf
version]
Mohammad Mahboubi, Mohammad Ismail Motlagh,
Mehdi Mirzaei-Alavijeh, Farzad Jalilian, Hassan
Gharibnavaz,
Mohammad Fattahi
Depression
in patients suffering from gender dysphoria:
The hospitalized patients of Legal Medicine
Center in Southwest of Iran
DOI: 10.5742/MEWFM.2017.93018
[pdf
version]
Zahra Gorjian, Mohammad Zarenezhad, Mohhamad
Mahboubi, Saeid Gholamzadeh,
Nahid Mahmoodi
An epidemiological
study of suicide attempts and to determine the
correlation between attempted suicide causes
and demographic characteristics of people in
Kermanshah Province during a year
DOI: 10.5742/MEWFM.2017.93019
[pdf
version]
Hamid Reza Shetabi, Samira Rostami, Mohsen Mohammadi,
Mahsa Cheleii, Lida Saedi, Saba Amiri Nasab,
Shirin Zardui GolAnbari
The
effectiveness of life skills training on happiness,
mental health, and marital satisfaction in wives
of Iran-Iraq war veterans
DOI: 10.5742/MEWFM.2017.93038
[pdf
version]
Kamal Solati
The
Role of Self-Compassion Factors in Predicting
the Marital Satisfaction of Staff at Kermanshah
University of Medical Sciences
DOI:10.5742/MEWFM.2017.93020
[pdf
version]
Parisa Janjani, Lida Haghnazari, Farahnaz Keshavarzi,
Alireza Rai
Mediating
role of irrational beliefs in the relationship
between the quality of family communication
and marital satisfaction
DOI:10.5742/MEWFM.2017.93021
[pdf
version]
Parisa Janjani, Khodamorad Momeni, Alireza Rai,
Mohammad Reza Saidi
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Review Article
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International Health
Affairs
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Education
and Training
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Clinical
Research and Methods
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Adaptive
LASSO Logistic Regression applied on gene expression
of prostate cancer
DOI: 10.5742/MEWFM.2017.93028
[pdf version]
Amir Hossein Hashemian, Maryam Ghobadi Asl,
Soodeh Shahsavari, Mansour Rezaei,
Hadi Raeisi Shahraki
The
prevalence of brain and neck injuries in patients
with maxillofacial fractures in teaching hospitals
of Rasht in 2016
DOI: 10.5742/MEWFM.2017.93029
[pdf
version]
Seyed Mohammad Talebzadeh, Ali Khalighi Sigaroudi,
Babak Alijani, Safa Motevasseli,
Saied Dashtyari, Mahsa Shariati, Zeinab Davoudmanesh
Cultural
competency: a concept analysis in TUMS (Tehran
University of Medical Science) DOI:
10.5742/MEWFM.2017.93030
[pdf version]
Foruzan Khatamidoost, Mandana Shirazy, Hamid
Khankeh, Nemat Allah Musapour
Majid Sadeghi, Kamran Soltani Arabshahi
The
Effect of Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation
(PNF) on Activities of Daily Living of client
with Cerebrovascular accident
DOI: 10.5742/MEWFM.2017.93031
[pdf
version]
Najafi Doulatabad Shahla, Afrasiabifar Ardashir,
Parandvar Yaghoub
Evaluation
of the ratio of T helper 17 and T regulatory
cells in patients with chronic idiopathic urticaria
DOI: 10.5742/MEWFM.2017.93032
[pdf
version]
Hossein Shahriari, Farahzad Jabbari, Seyyed
Abdolrahim Rezaee, Houshang Rafatpanah
Majid Jafari, Reza Farid Hosseini, Majid Asadi-Samani
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Model
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Case
Series and Case Reports
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| October 2017 -
Volume 15, Issue 8 |
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|
Evaluation of Psycho-Social
Factors Influential on Emotional Divorce among
Attendants to Social Emergency Services
Farangis Soltanian (1)
Zahra Bahrami (2)
(1)
MA, Sociology, University of Research Sciences,
Central Tehran
(2) MA in Psychology,
Correspondence:
:Farangis Soltanian
University of Research Sciences, Central Tehran
Email: Fa.Soltanian2013@gmail.com
|
Abstract
The
purpose of this research was to evaluate
psychological and social factors effective
on emotional separation among attendants
to wel-fare social emergency centers in
the county of Shirvan Cherdval. A number
of 40 women attendants were selected as
sample. Research instrument included emotional
divorce questionnaire used for measurement
of variables. Data was nalyzed using the
SPSS-18 software and using correlation
and regression analysis. Results showed
that psychological and social factors
have a positive correlation with emotional
divorce and regression analysis showed
that social factors rank first and psychological
problems are next in importance when it
comes to emotional divorce. Therefore,
the results of this research can be applied
in the context of prevention and counseling
and guidance of couples.
Key words:
Social Factors, Psychological, Emotional
Divorce, Social Emergency
|
Divorce in terminology means separation, letting
go, resolution and annulment of marriage between
couples. Divorce is a discretionary organized
method for ending a tie (Abhari, 2003). Most
evaluations performed show correlations between
divorce and addiction, crime and delinquency,
neuroticism, lack of balance of personality,
educational and teaching issues, suicide and/or
social combat and the like and consider divorce
tied with them (Piran, 1980). Numerous studies
show that psychological disorders among singles,
widowers, separated and divorcee is higher than
married individuals and the risk of depression
in divorce is higher than in widowhood (Zahireddin
& Khodaiifar, 2003).
A look at the situation of divorce in Iran
shows that its trend in the two thousandth decade
(2001-2009), namely from 2001, has been completely
on the rise such that it has increased from
0.95 for each 1.71 per thousand in the entire
country. Additionally, the level of divorce
in rural areas has more than doubled (from 0.41
to 0.88 in a thousand) and in municipal areas
it has nearly doubled (from 1.01 to 2.09 in
a thousand) (Kalantari et al, 2011).
Previous Research
Results of research by Dehghani and Nazari (2013)
has shown that the variables of unasked for
intrusion by relatives in the life of couples,
level of difference of socio-economic status
among couples, marital satisfaction and positive
perception of results of divorce has direct
influence on divorce. Additionally, Barikani
and Sarbechlou (2011) have listed incorrect
initial selection and too much dependence of
one of the couple on the family among the most
important causes of divorce.
With the purpose of evaluating factors influential
on divorce rate, in this research three theoretical
outlooks have been integrated: Homogamy theory,
Exchange theory and Network theory. The most
fundamental pre-assumptions of the exchange
theory is that groups are just collections of
individuals where their behavior is predicted
and explained by studying their motivations
and they are driven by virtue of personal advantage
and are intellectual computers of profit and
costs. Whenever this balance is destroyed, the
person tends towards aggressive behavior based
on this theory and ultimately divorce happens.
Thus, the perception of the individual of profit
and loss in marital life is of importance and
one should note what rewards in case of separation
will replace others. The same applies to costs
and they should ultimately decide in which stage
(before or after divorce) profits were higher
(Jalilian, 1996).
In the homogamy theory, marriage is recommended
among those who are similar in all regards economic,
social and cultural. The sides should be completely
equal in education, economic status, ethics
and other aspects of life. Otherwise, the marriage
will not be successful. The non-homogamous marriage
theory has been introduced by Veet. He believes
in economic and social equality in socio-economic
status but inhomogeneity in ethics and mannerism
of individuals. In other words, husband and
wife should complement each other ethically.
A man who has an angry temper and is hasty should
make ties with someone calm and perseverant.
Otherwise, ties between a hasty and angry man
with a women of the same nature will lead to
much tension in the family and ultimately gives
rise to divorce (Saroukani, 2008).
Cheney and Yamamura believe that the stronger
tribal and cultural attachments between husband
and wife, risk of separation is much less among
them. Overall, the more homogeneous spouses
are, their marriage will hold better and in
total, it can be stated that it is a more stable
end (Saroukhani, 2006). Spouse selection traditions
trend towards homogeneous marriages. This by
itself can result in transactions and exchange
of spiritual values and material assets. The
theory of homogamy considers family unity a
result of similar traits between husband and
wife.
Network theory stands against normative theory.
Therefore, in the opinion of network theoreticians,
normative outlooks emphasize culture and socialization
processes and internalization of norms and values
in individuals. In the normative outlook, what
keeps people alongside each other is a series
of common ideas. Network theory negates such
outlook and states that causality models that
connect people in society with each other should
be investigated. If husband and wife both belong
to networks of such type and these networks
are protected, marriage is only enforced on
top of the existing relations such that the
couple continues outreach towards out of home
activities and people. In this situation, roles
are separated in a dry and in-flexible way.
The reason is that the couple are both able
to acquire support outside of the family domain
(Segalen, 1997).
Considering previous research, this study aimed
to evaluate social, economic and cultural factors
influential on emotional divorce between attendants
to welfare social emergency centers in the county
of Shirvan Cherdavel.
This research is correlational. Statistical
population of the research includes all women
who have attended centers for decreased emergent
divorce in the county of Shirvan Cherdavel in
the first five months of 2011 and their files
are still open. A number of 40 women were selected
as sample. Next, questionnaires were completed
by participants in Access and it was endeavored
this way to evaluate factors influential on
emotional divorce.
Research Instrument
For data collection, questionnaire was used.
This questionnaire in total included 42 items
designed in two parts: socio-demographic traits
such as age, gender, education level, occupation,
income, number of off- spring and independent
and dependent research variables (including
income level, interest in emotional divorce,
intrusion of relatives and friends, aggression
and psychological problems). Each item had 5
responses from completely agree=5, agree=4,
no opinion=3, disagree=2, completely disagree=1
which were scored based on a Likert scale (off
course, scoring of some items were in reverse).
To evaluate questionnaire validity and its scales
of external validity and for measuring its reliability,
Cronbach’s alpha was used which was calculated
at 0.85 for the questionnaire.
For
evaluation
of
the
relationship
between
psychological
problems
and
social
factors
with
emotional
divorce
among
couples,
Pearson’s
correlation
coefficient
was
used.
Table
1:
Correlation
between
psychological
problems
of
couples
and
emotional
divorce
As
shown
in
Table
1,
statistically
meaningful
correlation
exists
between
psychological
problems
and
emotional
divorce
and
P=0.04
is
lower
than
the
set
P=0.05
and
the
coefficient
R=0.31.
In
other
words,
psychological
problems
between
couples
are
among
causes
of
emotional
divorce
and
direct
correlation
also
exists
between
these
two.
Table
2:
Correlation
between
causes
of
psychological
problems
of
couples
and
emotional
divorce
**=
p<0.001
Based
on
Table
2
which
shows
correlation
between
causes
of
emotional
divorce
and
social
factors,
this
correlation
is
meaningful
and
P=0.000
which
is
less
than
the
set
P=0.05
and
the
coefficient
R=0.897.
In
other
words,
social
factors
are
influential
on
emotional
divorce
and
direct
correlation
exists
between
the
two.
Table
3:
Step
by
step
linear
regression
modeling
of
psychological
and
social
factors
involved
in
emotional
divorce
Results
of
step
by
step
linear
regression
analysis
of
psychological
and
social
factors
involved
in
emotional
divorce:
the
variable
of
emotional
divorce
as
dependent
variable
and
psychological
and
social
factors
as
dependent
variable
were
entered
into
the
regression
analysis.
By
selection
of
step
by
step
model,
two
exemplifications
were
chosen
as
follows.
Ultimately,
example
2
was
entered
into
the
formula
as
the
final
model
where
social
factors
ranked
first
and
psychological
factors
second
with
significance
level
of
P=0.005.
This
research
was
performed
with
the
objective
of
evaluating
psychological
and
social
factors
influential
on
emotional
divorce
between
attendants
to
emergency
social
well-fare
offices
in
the
county
of
Shirvan
Cherdavel.
Results
showed
that
psychological
and
social
factors
have
positive
correlation
with
emotional
divorce.
This
result
agrees
with
previous
research:
The
research
by
Sepehrian
in
2000
reported
the
reason
for
requesting
divorce
in
83
percent
of
cases
was
lack
of
behavioral
and
ethical
adaptability
and
in
10
percent
of
the
cases
illness
or
psychiatric
disease
in
at
least
one
of
the
couple
(Davodi,
1977;
Ghotbi,
2004).
The
level
of
divorce
in
a
society
can
be
considered
to
be
lack
of
social
stability
and
since
it
is
the
reason
for
disruption
of
the
family
unit
we
are
certainly
left
with
its
social
consequences.
It
is
suggested
that
families
provide
more
situations
for
their
off
spring
to
communicate
before
marriage.
Maybe
with
increased
understanding
of
each
other’s
psychological,
personality,
social
and
economic
characteristics
as
well
as
timely
utilization
of
specialized
counseling
in
spouse
selection,
disagreement
and
marital
disputes
can
be
decreased
to
some
extent.
Education
at
various
levels
for
society
and
parents
and
guardians
can
play
an
important
role
in
prevention
of
this
social
concern
and
promote
physical,
psychological,
social
and
economic
well-being
of
the
country.
Research
is
recommended
in
the
context
of
evaluating
psychological
well-being
of
couples
attending
family
courts,
comparative
evaluation
of
causes
of
divorce
in
various
provinces,
evaluation
of
the
relationship
between
counseling
and
divorce
prevention
in
couples
attending
family
courts
in
the
future.
Abhari,
Majid
(2001).
Causes
and
factors
leading
to
social
pathology.
Pashtoun
Publications.
Barikani,
A;
Sarbechlou,
MI
(2011).
Evaluationof
factors
influential
on
divorce
among
attendants
of
marriage
and
divorce
offices
and
judiciary
compounds
in
the
province
of
Gazvin
in
2007.
Collection
of
Articles
of
the
Second
National
Congress
on
Social
Pathologies
in
Iran,
University
of
Social
Sciences
University
of
Tehran:
Iranian
Sociology
Society.
Davodi,
Parstoo
(1977).
Causes
and
factors
of
divorce.
MS
Dissertation,
University
of
Tehran,
Tehran.
Kalantari,
Abdolhossein;
Roshanfekr,
Payam;
Javaheri,
Jelveh
(2011).
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of
three
decades
of
research
on
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for
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in
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and
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14,
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Parviz
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Zahra
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Gotbi,
Marjan
et
al
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situation
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some
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it
in
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residing
in
the
Dolatabad
district.
Refah:
3(12):
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V
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