From
the Editor
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This is the second issue of the journal with
focus on Iran a country with rich cultural heritage
and recent academic advancement in all scientific
fields. The papers in this issue focus on various
topics of importance to the society. Nikfarjam
M et al in a cross-sectional study, 160 students
were assigned to two groups. The study was conducted
to compare spiritual well-being and social health
between the students attending group religious
rituals and those attending individual religious
rituals. The spiritual well-being and social
health scores of group 2 was significantly higher
than those of group 1 (p=0.001 and 0.002, respectively).
The authors concluded that the mean scores for
spiritual well-being and social health were
higher in the group who attended group religious
rituals.
Jahromi AS et al in a case-control study, anti-diphtheria
toxin antibody concentration and serum ferritin
levels were compared. The authors concluded
that , patients with beta thalassemia major
had lower anti-diphtheria antibody level than
healthy subjects. Thus monitoring immunization
status and recommendations for vaccine are essential
for increased serum anti-diphtheria antibody
concentration.
Erfanian S et al in a case-control study, 100
patients with a history of premature coronary
artery diseases and 100 healthy control. The
authors concluded that according to the results
derived from this study, it seems like the existence
of the genotype carrying the mutated allele
(TC+CC) in rs1927911s mononucleotide polymorphism
of TLR gene is associated with an increased
risk of premature myocardial infarction.
Rashnou, F et al. did a descriptive conventional
content analysis approach. The authors concluded
that nurses can help manage effective VAP through
learning new and standard approaches to care
delivery and adhering to standards of care.
Pooria, A, et al. compare postoperative bleeding
in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass
surgery in two groups taking aspirin and aspirin
plus CLS clopidogrel. The rate of postoperative
bleeding in the clopidogrel plus aspirin group
was higher than the rate in the aspirin group,
but this difference was not significant (PV=0.067).
Jafrasteh A et al, conducted a descriptive-analytical
investigation on premature neonates with very
low birth weight (less than 1500 g) and gestational
age less than 32 weeks. This study showed that
CRIB II index has higher value in prediction
of mortality in premature neonates with very
low birth weight.
Yavangi, M et al carried a randomized clinical
trial on women aged 20-59 years with moderate
to severe POP. The authors concluded that Pre-colporrhaphic
physiotherapy can improve quality of life and
sexual function in the patients candidate
for colporrhaphy.
Hashemzadeh-Chaleshtori, M et al reviewed TECTA
gene function and hearing. TECTA is a modular,
non-collagenous protein of the tectorial membrane
that plays a more dynamic role in normal hearing.
Mutations in TECTA cause dominant and recessive
forms of non-syndromic hearing loss.
Ghasemi M et al used available sampling was
done using 80 patients with knee osteoarthritis
and samples were divided into two groups. The
authors concluded that in general, it can be
suggested that the use of dextrose prolotherapy
is a simple, safe, inexpensive, accessible and
uncomplicated method than other treatments in
these patients.
Ebrahimi H.A et al did a descriptive-analytical
study on evaluation of seizures in pregnant
women. Among 3807 admitted pregnant women, 38
cases (1%) experienced epileptic seizures. The
authors concluded that more than 6 in 1000 pregnant
women suffer from epilepsy. Eclampsia is the
most prevalent cause. Epileptic seizures increased
in 21% of epileptic pregnant women, and declined
in 21% of the cases.
Jafarpour, E did a pre-test and post-test study
to evaluate the blood level of leptin hormone
before and after treatment with metformin. It
is concluded that, the effect of metformin during
the treatment period reduced the blood glucose
level of adolescents, but its effect on weight
loss and HbA1c did not significantly increase
due to the duration of treatment.
Dargahi, H et al, carried a cross-sectional
research on 1238 non-academic employees. The
required data was collected by the Quality of
Work life (QWL) questionnaire. The authors concluded
that in the present study no significant relationship
between the quality of work life and general
health, socio-economic status and quality of
work life, and also general health and socio-economic
status was found.
Mangeli, M et al., explored the factors that
encourage early marriage and motherhood in Iranian
culture. The authors concluded that various
factors (personal, social, economic, cultural,
spiritual and technological) encourage adolescent
to early marriage and motherhood.
Soltanian, F evaluated psychological and social
factors effective on emotional separation among
attendants to well-fare social emergency centers.
The results showed that psychological and social
factors have positive correlation with emotional
divorce and regression analysis showed that
social factors rank first and psychological
problems are next in importance when it comes
to emotional divorce.
Rajabi, M et al., investigated perceived organizational
justice and organizational trust and their relationship
in nurses of public and private hospitals in
north of Iran. According to the results, in
order to improve organizational trust, it is
necessary that hospital managers develop organizational
justice.
Bachari, Y.H et al conducted a quasi-experimental
intervention study to compare the effects of
two educational methods of role play and video
feedback on learning CPR. The authors concluded
that the video self-feedback method in compare
to the role play method is more effective in
improving cognitive and psychomotor learning
of nursing students in basic cardiopulmonary
resuscitation.
Ziapour A et al did a pre-test-post-test study.
The statistical population consisted of all
couples in Kermanshah City.
At the theoretical level, the results of this
research can confirm the results of previous research.
At the practical level, the findings of this study
can be used to develop educational and therapeutic
programs.
Barekati1, S et al., carried out using a pretest-posttest
semi-experimental design with control group
and random assignment. The findings of this
research can be considered as a confirmation
of the basic assumption of the cognitive-existential
approach about the effect of correcting cognitive
distortions that activate non-authentic responses
to the existential anxieties.
Elmi, R et al., did a crosssectional
study on 87 cadavers to compare morphine in
urine and other body fluids, including cerebrospinal
fluid (CSF), bile, pericardial fluid (PCF),
and vitreous humor to determine the most reliable
fluid for detection of postmortem morphine.
The moderate agreement between urine TLC and
bile TLC reveals bile sample as the most reliable
fluid for morphine detection, when a urine sample
is not accessible.
Farzaneh Norouzi, F et al., carried out a cross-sectional
study, 204 nursing and midwifery students. The
authors concluded that the presence of high
spiritual motivation in nursing and midwifery
students compared to other types of motivation
is regarded as a strong point in the education
of students.
Fakheri T et al., attempted to compare the
LUS (lower uterine segment) thickness among
nulliparous pregnant women without uterine scar
and pregnant women with previous cesarean section
using trans-abdominal ultrasound in the third
trimester. The authors concluded that LUS thickness
was significantly lower in pregnant mother with
previous CS and this led to dehiscence in such
patients. In case of LUS thickness of < 1.7
mm, the risk of dehiscence and rupture increases.
Jafarkhani, F et al., examined the effectiveness
of the blended approach in learning English
through the mobile social networks to enhance
the level of listening and speaking skills of
primary school students. The findings of the
study bear some significant implications for
curriculum designers, teachers and students
and highlight the crucial role of using the
technological devices and applications in promoting
the learners capabilities in listening/speaking.
Haghanifar, S et al., attempt to determine
the course of MC, anterior branch and its relation
to mandibular teeth. In cross-sectional view,
the MC diameter, the distance from root apex
to MC.
So, any procedures in mandibular posterior area
should be performed with sufficient knowledge
of the nervous canal.
Shateri, L et al., evaluated the extent to
which the association between chronic pain and
obesity are mediated by anxiety and moderated
by coping strategies. In summary, chronic pain
predicted obesity directly, and specific coping
strategies (emotional coping strategies) did
not moderate the relationship between chronic
pain, obesity and anxiety, but anxiety mediates
this relationship.
Shekarbaghani, A tried to interpret the Commercial
situation of astronomy, religious culture and
curriculum. The author concluded that the creation
of the preparing the needed science for the
compilation of astronomy affect daily life with
the other curriculum.
Taheri, S et al., conducted a clinical trial
with the aim to determine the effect of environmental
and behavioral interventions on physiological
and behavioral responses of preterm infants
during intravenous catheterization. It was found
that dimming light and noise, nursing manipulations,
and fetal positioning during intravenous catheterization
effectively reduce neonatal pain.
We have two papers that dealt with obesity.
Molaei, K. conducted a semi-experimental to
evaluate the effect of 8 weeks aerobic exercise
on the amount of resistin and body mass index
(BMI) of overweight women. Data analysis indicated
that the 8-week exercise program had a significant
effect on BMI (P=0/001), body weight (P=0/000),
and resistin (P=0/001). In the second paper
data analysis showed that 8-weekly sport exercises
had a significant effect on BMI (P = 0.001),
body weight (P = 0.000), and leptin (P = 0.001).
Ban, M et al., carried a descriptive-analytic
study on 202 nurses. Results of this study showed
that nurses should firstly recognize the dimensions
and ethical issues in their profession for the
ethical performance of professional nursing;
therefore, it is recommended to maximize the
efficiency and quality of health care by educating
the medical staff and raising their awareness
of professional ethics.
Javadi, M.S et al., carried a retrospective
descriptive cross-sectional study on 148 cases
of admitted children due to febrile convulsion.
This study showed that the prevalence of febrile
convulsion in children younger than 2 years
old is more common in males and prevalence of
simple seizure is more common compared to complex
one. Also, the history of seizure, seizure duration,
childs age, and duration of fever onset
to seizure occurrence are effective in seizure
incidence.
Raezian M provides a brief report on the components
of national strategies for suicide prevention
suggested by the World Health Organization.
Based on this report a well-designed national
strategy for suicide prevention should have
at the very least twelve components.
Sani, M.S et al did a causal comparative study,
all fertile and infertile women referred to
Arash Hospital and Mirza Kuchak Khan Hospital
in Tehran. The results showed that the level
of quality of life, self-efficacy and resiliency
in infertile women is less. Based on these results,
it can be said that considering the importance
of psychological factors in exacerbating the
physical and mental damages associated with
infertility, psychological interventions focused
on quality of life, self-efficacy and resiliency
with the aim of improving the mental health
of the infertile people, is necessary.
Aliza V et al did a reassessment of factor
structure of the Short Form Health Survey (SF-36)
where four theoretical and experimental factor
structures of the SF-36 were tested and compared
here to establish a best-fitting model for Iranian
older people. A sample of 391 participants (60
-89 years) years completed the Farsi SF-36.
This study provides strong evidence that the
Farsi SF-36 has the potential to measure well-being
status of older people. Such an application
application is valid if the Vitality items are
modified and new items are developed for the
Well-being scale.
Chief Editor:
A. Abyad
MD, MPH, AGSF, AFCHSE
Email: aabyad@cyberia.net.lb
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