Middle East Journal of Family Medicine

JOURNAL

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April 2023 - Volume 21, Issue 3
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From the Editor

Editorial
A. Abyad (Chief Editor)
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Publisher
Lesley Pocock
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Editorial
Abdulrazak Abyad

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Middle East Quality Improvement Program
(MEQUIP QI&CPD)

Chief Editor -
Abdulrazak Abyad MD, MPH, MBA, AGSF, AFCHSE
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April 2023- Volume 21, Issue 3

The Role of Ultrasound in Thyroid Assessment

Yusuf Bakkar 1
Rana Bakkar 2

(1) Specialist in Diagnostic Radiology, Gulf laboratory and x-ray, Qatar
(2) Consultant Radiologist in PHCC, Qatar, Al Thumama HC Primary Health Care

Corresponding author:
Yusuf Bakkar
Specialist in Diagnostic Radiology,
Gulf laboratory and x-ray,
Qatar
Email: yousefd38@gmail.com

Received: February 2023 Accepted: March 2023; Published: April 1, 2023. Citation: Yusuf Bakkar, Rana Bakkar. The Role of Ultrasound in Thyroid Assessment World Family Medicine. March 2023; 21(3): 97-106 DOI: 10.5742/MEWFM.2023.95256079

Abstract

The recent prevalence of ultrasonography (US) has facilitated the early detection and qualitative evaluation of thyroid nodules. Furthermore, novel technical developments are extending the application range of US for other thyroid diseases.

The use of US to differentiate between thyroid carcinoma and benign nodule, between a metastatic lymph node and a reactive node, between thyroid lymphoma and chronic thyroiditis, and between destruction-induced thyrotoxicosis and Graves’ disease is introduced.

Classification systems for thyroid nodule have shown high diagnostic accuracy for thyroid carcinomas except follicular carcinoma. US diagnosis of lymph node metastasis showed high specificity but low sensitivity. Patients who were suspected of thyroid lymphoma based on US findings should undergo incisional biopsy or thyroidectomy for diagnosis of the histologic type if fine needle aspiration biopsy findings suggest lymphoma. Patients should be carefully followed even if they were diagnosed as negative based on cytologic findings. Measurement of thyroid blood flow is helpful for diagnosing destruction-induced thyrotoxicosis, such as painless thyroiditis, by distinguishing the lesion from Graves’ disease.

Ultrasonography is useful for diagnosing various thyroid diseases, including thyroid carcinoma. The remaining issue to be resolved is the diagnosis of follicular carcinoma. Trials using novel techniques to differentiate these lesions are expected.

Key words: ultrasound, thyroid assessment

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