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A. Abyad (Chief Editor) |
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Dhahir Tahir Ahmad, Suhel Mawlood Alnajar, Tara
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| July / August
2015 - Volume 13 Issue 5 |
|
Estimation
of some biophysical parameters in semen of fertile
and infertile patients
Dhahir Tahir Ahmad (1)
Suhel Mawlood Alnajar
(2)
Tara Nooradden Abdulla
(3)
Zhyan Baker Hasan (4)
(1) PhD Biophysics, Hawler Medical University
- College of Medicine
(2) PhD MB, ChB-DG) Hawler Medical University
- College of Medicine
(3) MSc, Biophysics, Hawler Medical University
- College of Medicine
(4) MSc Gynecology and Obstetrics, Hawler Medical
University - College of Medicine
Correspondence:
Department
of Pharmacology and Biophysics,
Hawler Medical University,
Erbil, Iraq
Mobile: 009647504979445
Email: dr.dhahirtahir@yahoo.com
|
Abstract
Objective:
The objective of this study is to estimate
the magnitude of viscosity and
density of seminal fluid in various male
subjects, collected randomly in Erbil
city, and to observe role of density in
fertilization.
Materials and
Methods: Rotating viscometer was used
for assessment of viscosity of semen,
while volume method was used to measure
the density of semen. Density of semen
and vice versa and how it changes with
fertile and infertile persons in Erbil
city was assessed. These investigations
included kinematic, dynamic and relative
viscosity of semen at room temperature
(25) Centigrade.
Results: The results were based
on a total of 56 samples of fresh semen
collected from 44 infertile and 12 fertile
patients in an industrial laboratory.
The data in Table (1) displays that density
and kinematic viscosity was not changed
significantly between fertile and infertile
patients at range p<0.05.
Conclusion and
Discussion: The project concluded
by demonstration of the changes of viscosity
of semen; where displayed it explained
changes in relative viscosity and kinematic
viscosity and their effects on the physiology
of the human body, moreover to the disadvantage
of increasing and decreasing of semen
density with the locality of people.
Summary:
This research proved the investigation of
the viscosity and density of semen, how
it was affected and its prevalence which
depends on molecules adhesiveness and its
association with fertility of patients in
Erbil city.
Key words: measurement, viscosity,
density, kinematic viscosity, physical properties
of semen. |
Viscosity is the internal fractional force
between molecules. The rheological properties
of semen change dramatically after the material
coagulates and this material then liquifies.
Liquefaction occurs over a period of 5 minutes
in vivo, but may take 20-30 minutes in vitro
(1, 2).
The biochemical mechanism of this coagulation
in liquefaction has been investigated by numerous
researchers (3).
The coagulation factors derive from the seminal
vesicles, while liquefying factor comes from
the prostate (4).
The prevalence of semen hyperviscosity is estimated
to be between (12-29%) and can lead to male
factor infertility in both vivo and in vitro
(5).
Anatomically the seminal fluid is secreted by
male accessory glands i.e. seminal vesicle and
prostate; any diseases in these organs change
the fluid viscosity. These organs are sited
near each other, displaying the short prevalence
and weak stability of biophysical consistency
of the fluid and any change in the semen environment
by change of viscosity, will lead to disability
of sperm and their motility (5 and 6) .
Basic semen analysis has remained an essential
screening test in the assessment of human male
fertility and measurement of semen volume is
an important parameter (5). The sample graduated
cylindrical method is used for measuring weight
of coagulate such as semen analysis(6 ). It
is a direct relationship between weight and
volume which hinges on the density of the semen.
Only a few studies have examined the effects
of electromagnetic fields on semen and reproduction
in general. A study by Tateuo et al, 1998, exposed
human semen to electromagnetic fields. Current
frequency was applied and showed no increases
in abnormalities of the structural semen when
compared to the control (7).
The sperm electric charge gradually decreases
with semen aging and with growing concentration
of lactic acid. Diminished electrical charge
will decrease sperm motility and leads to formation
of the agglutinations. Viscosity is an atypical
characteristic of a real fluid. It arises from
the shear stress between the layers of the fluid
flow (8).
It has been seen that biochemical, enzymatic
or genetic factors are possible causes of hyperviscosity
of seminal fluid (9).
The issue of the electrical conductivity and
dynamic viscosity has been rarely studied (10,
11).
The possible use of semen physical properties
as an additional measure in semen evaluation
in stallions has been considered.
This can be applied on quantitative and qualitative
biophysical parameters in semen of fertile and
infertile humans in Erbil city.
Abnormal coagulation, liquefaction, volume,
viscosity and PH strongly suggests gland dysfunction
(12).
This
experiment
employed
(44)
infertile
and
(12)
fertile
healthy
males
in
Erbil
city,
through
taking
their
sperm
in
an
industrial
laboratory
and
determining
their
dynamic
viscosity
by
rotating
viscometer
and
estimating
density
of
semen
by
volume
method.
A
viscometer
is
an
instrument
used
to
measure
the
viscosity
of
fluids.
For
liquids
with
viscosities,
which
vary
with
flow
conditions;
an
instrument
called
a
Rheometer
is
used.
Viscometers
are
only
used
to
measure
under
flow
condition.
The
results
are
based
on
a
total
of
56
samples
of
fresh
semen
collected
from
44
infertile
and
12
fertile
patients
in
an
industrial
laboratory.
The
data
in
Table
(1)
display
that;
density
and
kinematic
viscosity
are
not
changed
significantly
between
fertile
and
infertile
patients
at
range
p<0.05.
In
Table
(1)
the
results
show
that
there
are
significant
differences
in
the
viscosity
and
relative
viscosity
between
fertile
and
infertile
patients.
Table
1:
Biophysical
parameters
of
fertile
and
infertile
seminal
fluids
The
results
of
this
study
(in
Table
1)
by
using
T-Test
shows
that
,
when
comparing
viscosity
between
fertile
and
infertile
patients
there
are
significant
differences
in
increases
in
the
viscosity
of
semen
between
them.
This
result
agrees
with
other
researchers
(13,14,15).
In
Table
1
density
and
kinematic
viscosity
is
not
significantly
changed
between
fertile
and
infertile
patients.
This
investigation
disagrees
with
authors
(16,17).
The
data
in
Table1
shows
the
relative
viscosity
decreases
significantly
between
fertile
and
infertile
patients
at
range
p <
0.05.
This
finding
agrees
with
authors
(18,19).
This
study
found
that
increase
in
density
indicated
increase
in
viscosity
of
semen.
This
increases
the
probability
that
patients
will
be
infertile
(and
vice
versa).
Since
not
much
research
has
been
done
in
the
field
of
biophysical
properties
of
semen,
the
comparison
of
our
results
with
others
was
somewhat
restricted.
Our
experiment
offered
an
insight
into
the
issue
of
a
possible
assessment
of
semen
qualitative
and
quantitative
characteristics,
based
on
the
determination
of
semen
biophysical
properties.
However,
the
results
of
this
study
need
to
be
repeated
and
that
is
recommended
before
any
serious
implications
can
be
drawn
and
needs
to
be
reconfirmed
so
that
this
alternative
examination
can
be
made.
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D.
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A.
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