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October 2017 -
Volume 15, Issue 8
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View
this issue in pdf formnat - the issue
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| ........................................................ |
| From
the Editor |
|
Editorial
A. Abyad (Chief Editor) |
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Original Contribution/Clinical Investigation
Immunity
level to diphtheria in beta thalassemia patients
DOI: 10.5742/MEWFM.2017.93048
[pdf
version]
Abdolreza Sotoodeh Jahromi, Karamatollah Rahmanian,
Abdolali Sapidkar, Hassan Zabetian, Alireza
Yusefi, Farshid Kafilzadeh, Mohammad Kargar,
Marzieh Jamalidoust,
Abdolhossein Madani
Genetic
Variants of Toll Like Receptor-4 in Patients
with Premature Coronary Artery Disease, South
of Iran
DOI: 10.5742/MEWFM.2017.93049
[pdf
version]
Saeideh Erfanian, Mohammad Shojaei, Fatemeh
Mehdizadeh, Abdolreza Sotoodeh Jahromi, Abdolhossein
Madani, Mohammad Hojjat-Farsangi
Comparison
of postoperative bleeding in patients undergoing
coronary artery bypass surgery in two groups
taking aspirin and aspirin plus CLS clopidogrel
DOI: 10.5742/MEWFM.2017.93050
[pdf
version]
Ali Pooria, Hassan Teimouri, Mostafa Cheraghi,
Babak Baharvand Ahmadi, Mehrdad Namdari, Reza
Alipoor
Comparison
of lower uterine segment thickness among nulliparous
pregnant women without uterine scar and pregnant
women with previous cesarean section: ultrasound
study
DOI: 10.5742/MEWFM.2017.93051
[pdf version]
Taravat Fakheri, Irandokht Alimohammadi, Nazanin
Farshchian, Maryam Hematti,
Anisodowleh Nankali, Farahnaz Keshavarzi, Soheil
Saeidiborojeni
Effect
of Environmental and Behavioral Interventions
on Physiological and Behavioral Responses of
Premature Neonates Candidates Admitted for Intravenous
Catheter Insertion in Neonatal Intensive Care
Units
DOI: 10.5742/MEWFM.2017.93052
[pdf
version]
Shohreh Taheri, Maryam Marofi, Anahita Masoumpoor,
Malihe Nasiri
Effect
of 8 weeks Rhythmic aerobic exercise on serum
Resistin and body mass index of overweight and
obese women
DOI: 10.5742/MEWFM.2017.93053
[pdf
version]
Khadijeh Molaei, Ahmad Shahdadi, Reza Delavar
Study
of changes in leptin and body mass composition
with overweight and obesity following 8 weeks
of Aerobic exercise
DOI: 10.5742/MEWFM.2017.93054
[pdf
version]
Khadijeh Molaei, Abbas Salehikia
A reassessment
of factor structure of the Short Form Health
Survey (SF-36): A comparative approach
DOI: 10.5742/MEWFM.2017.93088
[pdf version]
Vida Alizad, Manouchehr Azkhosh, Ali Asgari,
Karyn Gonano
Population and Community Studies
Evaluation
of seizures in pregnant women in Kerman - Iran
DOI: 10.5742/MEWFM.2017.93056
[pdf
version]
Hossein Ali Ebrahimi, Elahe Arabpour, Kaveh
Shafeie, Narges Khanjani
Studying
the relation of quality work life with socio-economic
status and general health among the employees
of Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS)
in 2015
DOI: 10.5742/MEWFM.2017.93057
[pdf version]
Hossein Dargahi, Samereh Yaghobian, Seyedeh
Hoda Mousavi, Majid Shekari Darbandi, Soheil
Mokhtari, Mohsen Mohammadi, Seyede Fateme Hosseini
Factors
that encourage early marriage and motherhood
from the perspective of Iranian adolescent mothers:
a qualitative study
DOI: 10.5742/MEWFM.2017.93058
[pdf
version]
Maasoumeh Mangeli, Masoud Rayyani, Mohammad
Ali Cheraghi, Batool Tirgari
The
Effectiveness of Cognitive-Existential Group
Therapy on Reducing Existential Anxiety in the
Elderly
DOI: 10.5742/MEWFM.2017.93059
[pdf
version]
Somayeh Barekati, Bahman Bahmani, Maede Naghiyaaee,
Mahgam Afrasiabi, Roya Marsa
Post-mortem
Distribution of Morphine in Cadavers Body Fluids
DOI: 10.5742/MEWFM.2017.93060
[pdf
version]
Ramin Elmi, Mitra Akbari, Jaber Gharehdaghi,
Ardeshir Sheikhazadi, Saeed Padidar, Shirin
Elmi
Application
of Social Networks to Support Students' Language
Learning Skills in Blended Approach
DOI: 10.5742/MEWFM.2017.93061
[pdf
version]
Fatemeh Jafarkhani, Zahra Jamebozorg, Maryam
Brahman
The
Relationship between Chronic Pain and Obesity:
The Mediating Role of Anxiety
DOI: 10.5742/MEWFM.2017.93062
[pdf
version]
Leila Shateri, Hamid Shamsipour, Zahra Hoshyari,
Elnaz Mousavi, Leila Saleck, Faezeh Ojagh
Implementation
status of moral codes among nurses
DOI: 10.5742/MEWFM.2017.93063
[pdf
version]
Maryam Ban, Hojat Zareh Houshyari Khah, Marzieh
Ghassemi, Sajedeh Mousaviasl, Mohammad Khavasi,
Narjes Asadi, Mohammad Amin Harizavi, Saeedeh
Elhami
The comparison
of quality of life, self-efficacy and resiliency
in infertile and fertile women
DOI: 10.5742/MEWFM.2017.93064
[pdf version]
Mahya Shamsi Sani, Mohammadreza Tamannaeifar
Brain MRI Findings in Children (2-4 years old)
with Autism
DOI: 10.5742/MEWFM.2017.93055
[pdf
version]
Mohammad Hasan Mohammadi, Farah Ashraf Zadeh,
Javad Akhondian, Maryam Hojjati,
Mehdi Momennezhad
Reviews
TECTA gene function and hearing: a review
DOI: 10.5742/MEWFM.2017.93065
[pdf version]
Morteza Hashemzadeh-Chaleshtori, Fahimeh Moradi,
Raziyeh Karami-Eshkaftaki,
Samira Asgharzade
Mandibular
canal & its incisive branch: A CBCT study
DOI: 10.5742/MEWFM.2017.93066
[pdf
version]
Sina Haghanifar, Ehsan Moudi, Ali Bijani, Somayyehsadat
Lavasani, Ahmadreza Lameh
The
role of Astronomy education in daily life
DOI: 10.5742/MEWFM.2017.93067
[pdf
version]
Ashrafoalsadat Shekarbaghani
Human brain
functional connectivity in resting-state fMRI
data across the range of weeks
DOI: 10.5742/MEWFM.2017.93068
[pdf version]
Nasrin Borumandnia, Hamid Alavi Majd, Farid
Zayeri, Ahmad Reza Baghestani,
Mohammad Tabatabaee, Fariborz Faegh
International Health Affairs
A
brief review of the components of national strategies
for suicide prevention suggested by the World
Health Organization
DOI: 10.5742/MEWFM.2017.93069
[pdf
version]
Mohsen Rezaeian
Education and Training
Evaluating
the Process of Recruiting Faculty Members in
Universities and Higher Education and Research
Institutes Affiliated to Ministry of Health
and Medical Education in Iran
DOI: 10.5742/MEWFM.2017.93070
[pdf
version]
Abdolreza Gilavand
Comparison
of spiritual well-being and social health among
the students attending group and individual
religious rites
DOI: 10.5742/MEWFM.2017.93071
[pdf
version]
Masoud Nikfarjam, Saeid Heidari-Soureshjani,
Abolfazl Khoshdel, Parisa Asmand, Forouzan Ganji
A
Comparative Study of Motivation for Major Choices
between Nursing and Midwifery Students at Bushehr
University of Medical Sciences
DOI: 10.5742/MEWFM.2017.93072
[pdf
version]
Farzaneh Norouzi, Shahnaz Pouladi, Razieh Bagherzadeh
Clinical Research and Methods
Barriers
to the management of ventilator-associated pneumonia:
A qualitative study of critical care nurses'
experiences
DOI: 10.5742/MEWFM.2017.93073
[pdf version]
Fereshteh Rashnou, Tahereh Toulabi, Shirin Hasanvand,
Mohammad Javad Tarrahi
Clinical
Risk Index for Neonates II score for the prediction
of mortality risk in premature neonates with
very low birth weight
DOI: 10.5742/MEWFM.2017.93074
[pdf
version]
Azadeh Jafrasteh, Parastoo Baharvand, Fatemeh
Karami
Effect
of pre-colporrhaphic physiotherapy on the outcomes
of women with pelvic organ prolapse
DOI: 10.5742/MEWFM.2017.93075
[pdf
version]
Mahnaz Yavangi, Tahereh Mahmoodvand, Saeid Heidari-Soureshjani
The
effect of Hypertonic Dextrose injection on the
control of pains associated with knee osteoarthritis
DOI: 10.5742/MEWFM.2017.93076
[pdf
version]
Mahshid Ghasemi, Faranak Behnaz, Mohammadreza
Minator Sajjadi, Reza Zandi,
Masoud Hashemi
Evaluation
of Psycho-Social Factors Influential on Emotional
Divorce among Attendants to Social Emergency
Services
DOI: 10.5742/MEWFM.2017.93077
[pdf
version]
Farangis Soltanian
Models and Systems of Health Care
Organizational
Justice and Trust Perceptions: A Comparison
of Nurses in public and private hospitals
DOI: 10.5742/MEWFM.2017.93078
[pdf
version]
Mahboobeh Rajabi, Zahra Esmaeli Abdar, Leila
Agoush
Case series and Case reports
Evaluation
of Blood Levels of Leptin Hormone Before and
After the Treatment with Metformin
DOI: 10.5742/MEWFM.2017.93079
[pdf
version]
Elham Jafarpour
Etiology,
Epidemiologic Characteristics and Clinical Pattern
of Children with Febrile Convulsion Admitted
to Hospitals of Germi and Parsabad towns in
2016
DOI: 10.5742/MEWFM.2017.93080
[pdf
version]
Mehri SeyedJavadi, Roghayeh Naseri, Shohreh
Moshfeghi, Irandokht Allahyari, Vahid Izadi,
Raheleh Mohammadi,
Faculty development
The
comparison of the effect of two different teaching
methods of role-playing and video feedback on
learning Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR)
DOI: 10.5742/MEWFM.2017.93081
[pdf
version]
Yasamin Hacham Bachari, Leila Fahkarzadeh, Abdol
Ali Shariati
Office based family medicine
Effectiveness
of Group Counseling With Acceptance and Commitment
Therapy Approach on Couples' Marital Adjustment
DOI: 10.5742/MEWFM.2017.93082
[pdf
version]
Arash Ziapour, Fatmeh Mahmoodi, Fatemeh Dehghan,
Seyed Mehdi Hoseini Mehdi Abadi,
Edris Azami, Mohsen Rezaei
|
|
Chief
Editor -
Abdulrazak
Abyad
MD, MPH, MBA, AGSF, AFCHSE
.........................................................
Editorial
Office -
Abyad Medical Center & Middle East Longevity
Institute
Azmi Street, Abdo Center,
PO BOX 618
Tripoli, Lebanon
Phone: (961) 6-443684
Fax: (961) 6-443685
Email:
aabyad@cyberia.net.lb
.........................................................
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Pocock
medi+WORLD International
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Phone: +61 (3) 9005 9847
Fax: +61 (3) 9012 5857
Email:
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Enquiries -
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|
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| October 2017 -
Volume 15, Issue 8 |
|
|
Effect of 8 weeks Rhythmic
aerobic exercise on serum Resistin and Body
Mass Index of overweight and obese women
Khadijeh Molaei (1)
Ahmad Shahdadi (2)
Reza Delavar (2)
(1) Master in Sport Physiology, Faculty
of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Sistan
Baluchestan University (Pardis) of Zahedan,
Zahedan-Iran,
(2) Assistant Professor, Faculty of Physical
Education and Sport Sciences, Sistan Baluchestan
University of Zahedan, Zahedan-Iran.
Correspondence:
Khadijeh Molaei
Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences,
Sistan Baluchestan University (Pardis) of Zahedan,
Zahedan-Iran
Email: molaeikhadijeh@gmail.com
|
Abstract
Resistin plays an important role in obesity-related
diseases through metabolic processes and
the immune system. The purpose of this
study was to evaluate the effect of 8
weeks aerobic exercise on the amount of
resistin and the Body Mass Index (BMI)
of overweight women. This study was carried
out through semi-experimental method.
To this end, 34 overweight and obese women
(aged 40±10, BMI25) participated
in the study voluntarily and were randomly
divided into experimental (17) and control
(17) groups. The experimental group started
the 8-week exercise program performed
in three sessions a week (51 minutes per
session) with 66% of the maximum heart
rate in the first week which gradually
and along with the exercise progression
increased to 86%. Training sessions began
with warming up then continued with the
main part of the exercise including low
impact and high impact aerobic moves in
the standing positions and then back to
the sitting initial position. The exercise
(experimental) group participated in an
8-week training program (3 sessions a
week) while the control group was asked
to keep their normal life during the study
period as it was before. Blood samples
were taken in two stages, first 48 hours
before the tests and second 48 hours after
the last aerobic training session. Serum
resistin concentration was calculated
through ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent
assay) method using its special kit. The
Shapiro-Wilk test was used to determine
the consistency and nature of information
about the subjects in the research groups.
In order to analyze the data, the paired
t-test was used to examine the intra-group
differences and covariance test at a significant
level of P0.05 was performed to measure
the inter-group differences. SPSS21 software
was also used to conduct statistical calculations.
Data analysis indicated that the 8-week
exercise program had a significant effect
on BMI (P=0/001), body weight (P=0/000),
and resistin (P=0/001). In addition to
reducing weight and lowering BMI, aerobic
exercise can also decrease resistin levels
in overweight and obese women which can
be indicative of a lower risk of developing
metabolic and cardiovascular diseases.
Key words:
aerobic exercise, resistin, body mass
index, overweight
|
Today, both developed and developing countries
are facing a lifestyle of low physical activity
spreading among people, which is normally followed
by some side effects such as increased prevalence
of cardiovascular diseases and early mortality
(1). In most cases, premature coronary artery
diseases are directly associated with the number,
severity and acquiring of atherosclerosis factors
(2). Adipose tissue is not just an energy saver,
but can also play an important role in insulin
resistance through production and irregular
discharge of a number of proteins called adipocytokines
(3).
Adipocytokine resistin weighs 11.3 kDa (4) and
belongs to the cysteine-rich protein (CRP) family
called resistin-like molecules also known as
and found in inflammatory zone-2 (FIZZ-2) (5,6).
This hormone is also directly related to atherosclerosis
risk (7). Increasing level of resistin occurs
mainly in inflammatory conditions which stimulate
and relieve proinflammatory cytokines (8). Little
research has been done on the effect of physical
activity on resistin levels. Jamurat et al (2006)
reported that a sub-intensive aerobic exercise
session in healthy and overweight men did not
make any significant changes in resistin levels
(9). In their study, Jones et al (2009) examined
the effect of 8 months of aerobic exercise on
resistin levels and lipid profile and suggested
that the exercise lowered resistin levels (10).
Balducci et al (2009) indicated that resistin
decreases in diabetic and overweight patients
after 12 months of regular physical activity
(11). In another study, Juan et al (2007) revealed
that 8 weeks of aerobic exercise had no significant
impact on serum resistin of obese people. Resistin
expression in adipocytes decreases in fasting
condition and increases with nutrition. They
also declared that exercise would not reduce
resistin in the absence of weight loss (12).
Dastani and colleagues reported that 8 weeks
of aerobic exercises with an intensity of 50-60%
of maximum heart rate resulted in a significant
decrease in body composition and a significant
increase in serum resistin of subjects (13).
While Rashid Lamir et al (2013) found that 8
weeks of aerobic exercises with an intensity
of 70-80% of maximum heart rate in active women
led to a significant increase in resistin and
a significant reduction of their body composition
(14). Such contradictions in research results
can be influenced by various factors such as
amount of fat and its distribution, inflammatory
conditions, hormones and other factors including
the type and intensity of exercise. Therefore,
there is a need for further research to better
understand the factors controlling the synthesis
and release of resistin and to clarify its role.
It is also not clear whether changes made in
adipose tissue by exercise can reduce resistin
or not. Given little research conducted on the
effect of long-term exercise on serum resistin
levels and the importance of examining this
new adipokine in obese people as well as increasing
interest of women in aerobic exercises, this
study aims to investigate the effect of 8 weeks
aerobic training on resting levels of resistin
and some metabolic risk factors in obese women.
After recall papers were distributed among
women of the population from Zahedan, 34 overweight
and obese women were selected voluntarily and
through convenience sampling method on the basis
of inclusion/exclusion criteria. Inclusion criteria
were 1) being overweight or obese (BMI25), 2)
a minimum age of 30 and a maximum age of 50.
Research exclusion criteria were 1) having
cardiovascular diseases, severe hypertension,
type 1 and 2 diabetes, thyroid-related diseases,
2) taking medicine, 3) smoking and alcohol use,
4) lack of participation in any regular exercise
program during the past 6 months. Subjects had
no particular diet during the research period.
Because of the experimental nature of research
and observance of ethical principles, the consent
form for participation in the study and medical
record questionnaire were completed by subjects.
Then, subjects were randomly divided into two
exercise (experimental) (17) and control (17)
groups. The exercise group participated in an
8-week training program (3 sessions a week)
while the control group was asked to follow
their normal life routine during the study.
The exercise program included 8 weeks of aerobic
training consisting of 3 sessions per week,
51 minutes per session which started with 66%
of the maximum heart rate during the first week
and gradually increased up to 86% as the training
process progressed. Each training session consisted
of warming up (stretching and running slowly
for 11 minutes), the main part including low
impact and high impact aerobic moves in standing
position (41 min) and returning to the initial
seated state (11 min). It should be noted that
the control group did not attend any regular
exercise activity during the research. The maximum
heart rate of participants was calculated using
Polar heart rate monitor. The exercise protocol
was performed in an indoor sport hall with suitable
ventilation system at the same temperature and
for the same hours all 8 weeks.
Blood samples were taken from participants
at the laboratory between 5 to 8 in the morning
while fasting over two stages, first 48 hours
before the tests and second 48 hours after the
last aerobic session in order to exclude the
effect of the exercise. Resistin serum concentration
and lipid profile were measured using Human
resistin ELISA kit made by EASTBIOPHARM Co.,
and Pars Azmoon kit according to the manufacturer’s
instructions.
The Shapiro-Wilk test was employed to determine
the consistency and naturalness of information
about the subjects in the research groups. In
order to analyze the data, the paired t-test
was used to examine the intra-group differences
and covariance test at a significant level of
P0.05 was employed to measure the inter-group
differences. SPSS21 was also used to perform
statistical calculations.
As
shown
in
Table
(1),
there
was
no
significant
differences
between
subjects
in
terms
of
age,
weight
and
body
composition
before
the
research
protocol
was
implemented.
Data
analysis
implied
that
the
8-week
exercise
program
had
a
significant
effect
on
BMI
(P=0/001),
body
weight
(P=0/000),
and
resistin
(P=0/001).
he
results
of
this
study
revealed
that
BMI
and
serum
resistin
levels
decreased
significantly
after
8
weeks
of
aerobic
exercise.
Such
change
made
in
resistin
levels
has
also
been
reported
in
many
previous
studies.
In
one
of
them,
16
weeks
of
regular
aerobic
exercise
at
50%
to
85%
VO2MAX
intensities
in
overweight
patients
with
type
2
diabetes
resulted
in
a
significant
reduction
of
resistin
(15).
Further,
8
months
of
regular
aerobic
exercise
of
overweight
adolescents
led
to
a
significant
reduction
of
resistin
level
(16).
The
results
of
the
present
research
was
not
consistent
with
Persephin
et
al
(18)
and
Juan
et
al
(12).
Thus,
it
can
be
stated
that
changes
in
resistin
amounts
result
from
physical
exercises.
Contradiction
between
the
present
article
and
other
studies
can
be
attributed
to
differences
among
exercise
interventions
(duration,
type,
intensity)
as
well
as
subjects.
In
the
present
study,
body
weight
changes
of
the
training
group
were
directly
related
to
resistin
changes.
As
a
matter
of
fact,
a
significant
reduction
of
body
weight
after
exercise
was
associated
with
a
decrease
in
resistin
level.
In
some
other
studies,
it
was
confirmed
that
aerobic
exercise
affects
weight
loss
and
subsequent
resistin
decrease
as
factors
contributing
to
increased
insulin
function
and
reduced
insulin
resistance
(18,19).
Youn
et
al
(2004)
reported
that
2
months
aerobic
exercise
resulted
in
weight
loss
which
caused
a
significant
decrease
in
resistin
(18).
As
can
be
seen,
none
of
the
studies
mentioned
above
have
been
similar
in
terms
of
exercise
intensity
and
duration.
Increasing
resistin
gene
expression
disrupts
the
muscle’s
glucose
metabolism
and
raises
glucose
intolerance.
Therefore,
resistin
may
have
a
crucial
role
in
insulin
resistance
or
glucose
homeostasis
(20).
However,
the
physiological
effect
of
resistin
on
resistance
and
obesity
has
not
been
clarified
yet
(21).
Moreover,
some
researchers
have
suggested
that
resistin
is
directly
correlated
with
body
mass
index,
body
fat
and
glucose
and
insulin
in
obese
people
(21,22).
Some
previous
studies
have
pointed
to
the
impact
of
a
healthy,
balanced
diet
along
with
a
regular
exercise
program
on
reducing
blood
resistin
levels
as
well
as
lowering
fat
mass
due
to
weight
loss
in
response
to
the
diet
and
physical
training
which
ultimately
results
in
a
decrease
in
serum
resistin
(23).
Generally
speaking,
long-term
physical
exercise
seems
to
reduce
the
amount
of
resistin
as
it
decreases
body
fat
percentage
and
BMI.
All
controversies
in
articles
may
be
caused
by
failure
to
significantly
lose
weight,
people’s
different
and
incontrollable
genetic
backgrounds,
differences
in
type,
intensity
and
duration
of
exercises
or
subjects
participating
in
the
studies.
The
findings
indicate
that
serum
resistin
concentrations
are
improved
after
8
weeks
of
aerobic
exercise
which
result
in
reduction
of
body
mass
index.
Adipokine
ideal
levels
can
play
an
important
role
in
preventing
cardiovascular
and
metabolic
diseases.
Overall,
the
results
of
this
study
bring
us
to
the
conclusion
that
continuous
aerobic
exercise
not
only
results
in
weight
loss
but
also
reduces
serum
resistin
of
overweight
women
which
can
help
us
reach
a
better
understanding
of
the
role
of
regular
physical
activity
in
lowering
the
risk
of
developing
cardiovascular
diseases
and
diabetes,
although,
more
research
is
needed
to
be
conducted
on
its
long-term
effect.
1.
Cinteza
M,
Pana
B,
Cochino
E,
Florescu
M,
Margulescu
A,
Florian
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