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| From
the Editor |
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Editorial
A. Abyad (Chief Editor) |
|
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........................................................
In Memoriam
Professor
Orhan Ekrem Müftüoglu
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Original
Contribution / Clinical Investigation
|
|
Cholelithiasis
and cholecystectomy may lower the low density
lipoprotein cholesterol in plasma
DOI: 10.5742/MEWFM.2017.93010
[pdf
version]
Mehmet Rami Helvaci, Mursel Davarci, Orhan Veli
Ozkan, Ersan Semerci, Abdulrazak Abyad, Lesley
Pocock
Serum
and follicular fluid vitamin D and follicular
response among infertile women undergoing ICSI
DOI: 10.5742/MEWFM.2017.93011
[pdf
version]
Sedighe Esmaeilzadeh, Maryam Aliasgharpour,
Parvaneh Mirabi, Azita Ghanbarpour
Maede Fasihian
Studying
the relation of quality of work life with socio-economic
status and general health among the employees
working in Students Welfare Fund of Ministry
of Health and Medical Education in 2016
DOI: 10.5742/MEWFM.2017.93012
[pdf
version]
Saeed Reza Azami, Nasrin Shaarbafchizadeh, Soheil
Mokhtari, Ali Maher
On the Effect
of Cognitive Behavioural Counseling on Sexual
Satisfaction of Mothers with Autistic Children:
A Randomized Clinical Trial
DOI:
[pdf version]
Leila Arbil, Mitra Kolivand, Farzaneh Golboni,
Effat MerghatiKhoei, Mansour Rezaei
Pre-operative
sublingual misoprostol and intra-operative blood
loss during total abdominal hysterectomy: a
randomized single-blinded controlled clinical
trial
DOI: 10.5742/MEWFM.2017.93013
[pdf
version]
Taravat Fakheri, Tayebe Noori
Investigating
the Effect of Endotracheal Tube Cuff Pressure
on Sore Throat, Hoarseness and Cough in Patients
with Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery
DOI: 10.5742/MEWFM.2017.93014
[pdf
version]
Ali Akbar Vaezi, Mohammad Hassan Mondegari Bamakan
Comparing
the Self-Esteem and Resiliency between Blind
and Sighted Children and Adolescents in Kermanshah
City
DOI: 10.5742/MEWFM.2017.93015
[pdf
version]
Saeedeh Bakhshi, Nafiseh Montazeri , Babak Nazari,
Arash Ziapour, Hashem Barahooyi,
Fatemeh Dehghan
|
........................................................
Population
and Community Studies
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Frequency
of Uric Acid Levels, Symptomatic and Asymptomatic
Hyperuricemia among the Pakistani Population
DOI: 10.5742/MEWFM.2017.93016
[pdf
version]
Waris Qidwai, Masood Jawaid
Determinants
of Tooth Brushing among Primary School Students
DOI: 10.5742/MEWFM.2017.93017
[pdf
version]
Mohammad Mahboubi, Mohammad Ismail Motlagh,
Mehdi Mirzaei-Alavijeh, Farzad Jalilian, Hassan
Gharibnavaz,
Mohammad Fattahi
Depression
in patients suffering from gender dysphoria:
The hospitalized patients of Legal Medicine
Center in Southwest of Iran
DOI: 10.5742/MEWFM.2017.93018
[pdf
version]
Zahra Gorjian, Mohammad Zarenezhad, Mohhamad
Mahboubi, Saeid Gholamzadeh,
Nahid Mahmoodi
An epidemiological
study of suicide attempts and to determine the
correlation between attempted suicide causes
and demographic characteristics of people in
Kermanshah Province during a year
DOI: 10.5742/MEWFM.2017.93019
[pdf
version]
Hamid Reza Shetabi, Samira Rostami, Mohsen Mohammadi,
Mahsa Cheleii, Lida Saedi, Saba Amiri Nasab,
Shirin Zardui GolAnbari
The
effectiveness of life skills training on happiness,
mental health, and marital satisfaction in wives
of Iran-Iraq war veterans
DOI: 10.5742/MEWFM.2017.93038
[pdf
version]
Kamal Solati
The
Role of Self-Compassion Factors in Predicting
the Marital Satisfaction of Staff at Kermanshah
University of Medical Sciences
DOI:10.5742/MEWFM.2017.93020
[pdf
version]
Parisa Janjani, Lida Haghnazari, Farahnaz Keshavarzi,
Alireza Rai
Mediating
role of irrational beliefs in the relationship
between the quality of family communication
and marital satisfaction
DOI:10.5742/MEWFM.2017.93021
[pdf
version]
Parisa Janjani, Khodamorad Momeni, Alireza Rai,
Mohammad Reza Saidi
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Review Article
........................................................
International Health
Affairs
........................................................
Education
and Training
........................................................
Clinical
Research and Methods
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Adaptive
LASSO Logistic Regression applied on gene expression
of prostate cancer
DOI: 10.5742/MEWFM.2017.93028
[pdf version]
Amir Hossein Hashemian, Maryam Ghobadi Asl,
Soodeh Shahsavari, Mansour Rezaei,
Hadi Raeisi Shahraki
The
prevalence of brain and neck injuries in patients
with maxillofacial fractures in teaching hospitals
of Rasht in 2016
DOI: 10.5742/MEWFM.2017.93029
[pdf
version]
Seyed Mohammad Talebzadeh, Ali Khalighi Sigaroudi,
Babak Alijani, Safa Motevasseli,
Saied Dashtyari, Mahsa Shariati, Zeinab Davoudmanesh
Cultural
competency: a concept analysis in TUMS (Tehran
University of Medical Science) DOI:
10.5742/MEWFM.2017.93030
[pdf version]
Foruzan Khatamidoost, Mandana Shirazy, Hamid
Khankeh, Nemat Allah Musapour
Majid Sadeghi, Kamran Soltani Arabshahi
The
Effect of Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation
(PNF) on Activities of Daily Living of client
with Cerebrovascular accident
DOI: 10.5742/MEWFM.2017.93031
[pdf
version]
Najafi Doulatabad Shahla, Afrasiabifar Ardashir,
Parandvar Yaghoub
Evaluation
of the ratio of T helper 17 and T regulatory
cells in patients with chronic idiopathic urticaria
DOI: 10.5742/MEWFM.2017.93032
[pdf
version]
Hossein Shahriari, Farahzad Jabbari, Seyyed
Abdolrahim Rezaee, Houshang Rafatpanah
Majid Jafari, Reza Farid Hosseini, Majid Asadi-Samani
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Model
and System of Primary Care
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Case
Series and Case Reports
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Chief
Editor -
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Abyad
MD, MPH, MBA, AGSF, AFCHSE
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|
|
| September 2017
- Volume 15, Issue 7 |
|
|
Serum and follicular
fluid vitamin D and follicular response among
infertile women undergoing ICSI
Sedighe
Esmaeilzadeh
Maryam Aliasgharpour
Parvaneh Mirabi
Azita Ghanbarpour
Maede Fasihian
Infertility and Reproductive Health Research
Center,
Health Research Institute,
Babol University of Medical Sciences,
Babol, Iran
Correspondence:
Azita Ghanbarpour
Babol- Torkmahale- Fatemeh Zahra Infertility
and Reproductive Health Research Center
Babol University of Medical Sciences,
Babol, Iran
Mobile: 09113110416
Email: dr_ghanbarpour@yahoo.com
|
Abstract
Background:
Some studies have shown the relation between
vitamin D levels and the success rate
of fertility in couples treated with Assisted
Reproductive Technology (ART). The aim
of this study is to determine Association
of vitamin D level in serum and follicular
fluid with follicular response in infertile
women in an ART program.
Method:
In this cross sectional study 81 infertile
women were placed under treatment for
induction ovulation according to a long
protocol. Follicular fluids were extracted
from follicles over 14 mm and blood samples
collected on the same day. Follicular
fluid and blood samples were centrifuged
and stored at -80 C. Then level of 25-OH-vit
D was measured by immunoassay method.
Result: The
mean age of the subjects was 32.91 ±
4.83. The average BMI of patients was
27.63 ± 3.97. There was no significant
correlation between the follicular concentrations
of vitamin D and the number of oocytes
as well as serum concentration of vitamin
D and the number of oocytes (Respectively,
P = 0.95 and P = 057). There was also
no relation between the numbers of ovarian
follicles and follicular concentrations
of vitamin D as well as the number of
ovarian follicles and serum concentration
of vitamin D (P=0.07).
Correlation analysis
revealed a high relationship between serum
and follicular fluid vitamin D (P<0.001).
Conclusion:
Different concentrations of vitamin D
in serum or follicles have no significant
correlation with the number of ovarian
follicles and mature oocytes.
Key words:
Vitamin D, infertility, Intracytoplasmic
sperm injection, Oocyte, follicular fluid
|
The World Health Organization estimates that
approximately 10-25% of couples have infertility
problems. Infertility has affected about 80
million people worldwide [1, 2]. Vitamin D is
a steroid hormone and induces its effects on
the nucleus by connecting its receptors to this
part of the cell. This hormone is effective
on almost all body cells and has a positive
relation with the body’s health from cancer
to heart disease [3, 4]. Vitamin D can play
an important role in growth and differentiation
of various tissues, reducing the risk of chronic
diseases such as cancer, autoimmune diseases,
infectious diseases and cardiovascular disease
[5-11]. Studies have shown that Vitamin D receptors
exist in most tissues and cells in the body
which in itself shows the role of vitamin D
[5]. Among the various physiological functions
of vitamin D, some seem an important role in
reproductive physiology [12] in a way that Vitamin
D receptors are also found in reproductive tissues
such as ovary and uterus [13, 14].
More information confirming the association
between vitamin D and reproduction arise from
studies carried out on receptors. Vitamin D
receptors can be observed in reproductive organs
like the uterus and ovaries [15]. Recent studies
have shown that Vitamin D plays an important
role in female fertility by promoting the synthesis
of two important hormones in reproduction which
are estrogen and progesterone. The correct balance
of these two hormones is essential for reproductive
health and menstrual cycles [16]. Vitamin D
may also be associated with endometriosis and
the possibility of pregnancy after IVF operation
[17]. Lack of vitamin D shows up to 85% companionship,
in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. The
deficiency of this vitamin is also associated
with PCOS symptoms such as menstrual irregularities
and infertility [17]. Patients with PCOS have
hypervitaminosis D and average levels of vitamin
D are lower in these patients compared to non-PCOS
people [18]. It has been shown that vitamin
D supplementation can improve insulin resistance
as well as the sequence of menstrual cycles
[19, 20] which in itself can increase the chances
of pregnancy. Adequate levels of vitamin D are
also important for fetal development during
pregnancy [21]. Vitamin D deficiency is especially
common in the Middle East. Factors such as avoiding
exposure to the sun, using sunscreen, type of
dressing of women and the high number of skin
pigments in Asian people can be among the main
reasons for this deficiency [22]. The prevalence
of vitamin D deficiency in Australia is between
70 to 80 percent among children and pregnant
women while this percentage falls to 23 in young
adults [23]. According to studies of the Endocrinology
Research Center of Tehran University of Medical
Sciences, the prevalence of this problem is
in oscillation from 40 to 80 percent in different
parts of Iran [24]. Some of the studies have
shown the relation between the level of vitamin
D and the success rate of fertility in couples
treated with ART, in a way that women with vitamin
D deficiency have shown a lower fertility rate
compared to women who had higher vitamin D levels
[25, 26]. It has been shown in some studies
that women with higher levels of vitamin D in
serum and follicular fluid will have significantly
higher clinical pregnancy after IVF and ET and
high levels of vitamin D are significantly associated
with better parameters of controlled ovarian
stimulation [12]. But other studies have mentioned
the lack of significant effect of vitamin D
in the follicular fluid and blood in predicting
outcomes related to reproductive techniques
[27]. Thus, the objective of our study is to
evaluate the companionship of vitamin D level
in serum and follicular fluid with follicular
response in infertile women undergoing ART treatment.
This is a cross-sectional study. Sampling has
been carried out using census method and includes
all women with infertility undergoing IVF or
ICSI who referred to infertility center of Fatemeh
Zahra of Babolin 2015 during the period of 8
months (October to March). Inclusion criteria
included age between 18 and 40, normal Hormone,
thyroid and prolactin tests and exclusion criteria
included Cancellation of treatment cycles, performing
ART for genetic identifications, underlying
medical condition such as heart, liver and kidney
diseases and the use of drugs that interfere
with the metabolism of vitamin D.
Written consent is initially signed by infertile
women after explaining the method for women
eligible for study inclusion and demographic
data are collected by questionnaire. Then, infertile
women will be placed under treatment for ovulation
induction according to the protocol of infertility
center of Fatemeh Zahra (Long Protocol) which
is in from of prescribed Buserelin acetate (Cinnagen,
Iran) with the initial dose of 0.5mg / d in
mid luteal phase which is reduced to 0.25mg
/ d after occurrence of menses and completion
of pituitary suppression and will continue until
the day of oocyte retrieval. Gonal F (Cinnagen,
Iran) starts from the second day of menses based
on age and the number of antral follicles and
their dose is regulated by monitoring Estradiol
and TVS. HCG (Daroupakhsh, Iran) is administered
at a dose of IU10000 when the size of follicle
reaches to 16-18 mm and TVS guide of ovaries
are removed 34 to 36 hours later. Follicular
fluid is taken from follicles over 14 mm and
heparinized blood sample of these women is taken
on the same day to measure the level of 25-hydroxy
vitamin D. Blood samples and follicular fluid
sample are placed at -80 ° centigrade after
centrifugation and sent to the laboratory on
a weekly basis. Vitamin D measurement is done
by immunoassay method using the bioactiva kit.
It should be noted that Serum vitamin D levels
less than 20ng / dl are considered as deficient
levels of vitamin D and levels between 20-30ng
/ dl are considered as inadequate levels and
levels higher than 30ng / dl are considered
as adequate levels of vitamin D according to
the Endocrine Society [27]. Analysis of the
data was done using the SPSS19 application and
descriptive statistical indexes including frequency
and average and chi-square test was used to
compare qualitative variables between the two
groups.
82
patients
entered
the
study
from
whom
1
subject
was
excluded
(due
to
corruption
of
test
and
unwillingness
of
the
patient
for
re-testing).
Finally,
81
infertile
patients
were
evaluated.
The
average
weight
and
BMI
and
type
of
infertility
and
cause
of
infertility
and
average
FSH
LH
hormone
did
not
have
significant
difference
in
groups
with
inadequate
levels
of
vitamin
D
and
vitamin
D
deficiency
and
adequate
levels
of
vitamin
D
(Table
1).
Click
here
for
Table
1:
Demographic
and
hormonal
characteristics
of
sampled
patients
40
patients
had
number
of
follicles
less
than
5
(49.4%),
32
patients
had
between
5
to
10
(39.5%)
and
9
patients
had
more
than
10
(11.1%).
The
average
number
of
oocytes
was
6.62
±
4.98.
The
average
serum
levels
of
vitamin
D
was
15.12
±
13.14
and
the
average
vitamin
D
follicular
fluid
was
23.32
±
13.54.
Pearson
correlation
test
showed
a
significant
positive
relation
between
serum
and
follicular
levels
of
vitamin
D
(rp=0.67,
p<0.001)
(Figure
1).
Figure
1:
Correlation
of
serum
and
follicular
fluid
vitamin
D
Correlation
obtained
between
the
number
of
oocytes
and
levels
of
vitamin
D
in
the
serum
was
not
statistically
significant
(rp=-0.028,
p=0.8)
(Figure
2).
Pearson
correlation
between
the
number
of
oocytes
and
levels
of
vitamin
D
in
follicular
fluid
did
not
show
a
significant
relation
(rp=0.029,
p=0.79)
(Figure
3).
Kendall
and
Spearman
correlations
between
the
number
of
follicles
and
serum
vitamin
D
levels
were
not
statistically
significant
(rc=0.078,
p=0.36)(rs=-0.098,
p=0.38)
(Figure
4).
Kendall
and
Spearman
correlations
between
the
number
of
follicles
and
follicular
fluid
vitamin
D
levels
were
not
statistically
significant
(rc=0.014,
p=0.88)(rs=-0.014,
p=0.88)
(Figure
5).
Figure
2:
Correlation
of
oocytes
numbers
and
serum
vitamin
D
Figure
3:
Correlation
of
oocytes
numbers
and
follicular
fluid
vitamin
D
Figure
4:
Correlation
of
follicle
number
and
serum
vitamin
D
Figure
5:
Correlation
of
follicle
number
and
follicular
fluid
vitamin
D
The
present
study
has
been
carried
out
in
order
to
determine
the
possible
role
of
serum
and
follicular
fluid
vitamin
D
levels
on
follicular
response
in
81
infertile
women
referred
to
infertility
center
of
Fatemeh
Zahra
in
Babol
during
8
months
(from
August
to
March
of2015).
The
results
of
our
study
showed
a
72
percent
prevalence
of
vitamin
D
deficiency
in
infertile
women
and
only
8%
of
patients
had
adequate
levels
of
vitamin
D.
It
was
determined
in
a
study
carried
out
by
Garabedian
and
colleagues
on
173
infertile
women
that
55%
of
them
had
vitamin
D
deficiency
[15].
Rudick
and
colleagues
examined
the
effects
of
vitamin
D
on
the
clinical
outcome
of
IVF
in
another
study,
out
of
188
infertile
women,
109
patients
(58%)
suffered
from
a
lack
of
vitamin
D
(with
levels
less
than
30ng
/
ml)
[28].
Vitamin
D
status
is
different
among
various
communities
which
can
be
due
to
different
factors
affecting
the
level
of
vitamin
D.
Seasons,
geographic
location,
dressing,
using
sunscreen
and
skin
pigmentation
in
people
are
among
these
factors
[29].
Some
of
the
hormones
and
metabolites
are
effective
on
the
number
and
maturation
of
oocytes
which
are
supplied
by
follicular
fluid.
Follicular
fluid
is
also
an
important
environment
for
oocyte
development.
Increased
or
decreased
compositions
of
this
fluid
affect
the
number
and
quality
of
oocytes
and
embryo.
A
part
of
the
composition
of
follicular
fluid
originates
from
serum
and
metabolic
changes
in
serum
may
affect
the
biochemical
compounds
of
follicular
fluid.
Thus,
growth
and
maturation
of
follicle
are
affected
by
metabolite
concentrations
of
blood
[30,
31].
Our
study
also
showed
a
significant
positive
correlation
between
serum
vitamin
D
levels
and
follicular
fluid
vitamin
D
levels
which
was
similar
to
the
results
obtained
from
the
study
of
Firouzabadi
and
Anifandis
[32,
33].
The
results
of
our
study
showed
that
different
concentrations
of
vitamin
D
in
serum
and
follicular
fluid
do
not
have
significant
relation
with
the
number
of
ovarian
follicles
and
oocytes.
A
few
studies
have
examined
the
serum
and
follicular
fluid
vitamin
D
levels
at
the
same
time
and
most
of
the
studies
have
only
evaluated
the
serum
level
of
vitamin
D
or
follicular
fluid
level
of
vitamin.
In
the
study
of
Farzadi
and
his
colleagues,
no
significant
relation
was
observed
between
the
follicular
fluid
vitamin
D
levels
and
number
and
quality
of
oocytes
but
follicular
fluid
levels
of
vitamin
D
had
a
significant
positive
correlation
with
the
level
of
implantation
and
IVF
results
[34].
In
the
study
of
Polyzos
and
colleagues,
no
significant
relation
was
observed
between
vitamin
D
levels
and
fertility
and
there
was
also
no
relation
between
serum
vitamin
D
deficient
and
ovarian
reserve
and
ovarian
response
to
ovulation
induction
[25].
Anifandis
and
colleagues
also
did
not
find
any
relation
between
the
follicular
fluid
levels
of
vitamin
D
and
the
number
of
oocytes
in
their
study
which
examined
the
effect
of
vitamin
D
level
and
glucose
level
follicular
fluid
[33].
Only
in
a
study
which
compared
the
serum
vitamin
D
level
with
follicular
fluid
similar
to
our
study,
Ozkan
and
his
colleagues
found
out
by
evaluating
the
infertile
women
undergoing
IVF
that
higher
levels
of
25-hydroxyvitamin
D
in
serum
and
follicular
fluid
are
associated
with
higher
rates
of
clinical
pregnancy
after
IVF
and
high
levels
of
of
vitamin
D
in
serum
and
follicular
fluid
are
significantly
associated
with
better
parameters
of
controlled
ovarian
stimulation
[35].
Rudick
and
colleagues
confirmed
that
vitamin
D
status
is
associated
with
the
success
of
IVF
in
non-Hispanic
white
women
in
populations
with
high
ethnic
diversity
but
no
beneficial
effects
of
adequate
levels
were
observed
among
the
Asian
population
and
in
fact,
vitamin
D
is
inversely
related
to
IVF
success
[28].
This
matter
probably
could
explain
the
results
of
our
study.
The
present
study
showed
that
there
is
a
significant
correlation
between
serum
vitamin
D
levels
and
follicular
vitamin
D
levels
but
there
is
no
relation
between
serum
and
follicular
vitamin
D
levels
and
the
number
of
oocytes
and
ovarian
follicles
in
infertile
women.
Acknowledgments
This
research
is
derived
from
the
PhD
thesis
in
obstetrics
and
gynecology
by
Research
Council
Session
in
Babol
University
of
medical
sciences.
We
appreciate
the
cooperation
of
the
honorable
research
deputy
of
university
and
the
head
of
Health
Research
Institute,
and
all
participants
in
this
study.
1-
Aflatoonian
A,
Arabjahvani
F,
Eftekhar
M,
and
Sayadi
M.
Effect
of
vitamin
D
insufficiency
treatment
on
fertility
outcomes
in
frozen-thawed
embryo
transfer
cycles:
A
randomized
clinical
trial.
Iran
J
Reprod
Med
Vol.
12.
No.
9.
pp:
595-600.
2-
Syiem
TK,
Reddy
KJ.
The
Multifaceted
Aspects
of
Infertility.
Int
J
Sci
Res
2013;
2:
168-170.
3-
Veleva
Z,
Orava
M,
Nuojua-Huttunen
S,
Tapanainen
JS,
Martikainen
H.
Factors
affecting
the
outcome
of
frozen-
thawed
embryo
transfer.
Hum
Reprod
2013;
28:
2425-2431.
4-
Sathiyanarayanan
S,
Sundar
JS,
Madhankumar
EK,
et
al.
A
study
on
significant
biochemical
changes
in
the
serum
of
infertile
women.
Int
j
Curr
Res
Aca
Rev
2014;
2(2):
96-115.
5-
Holick
MF.
Vitamin
D
deficiency.
N
Engl
J
Med
2007;
357:
266–81.
6-
Heaney
RP.
Vitamin
D
in
health
and
disease.
Clin
J
Am
SocNephrol
2008;
3:
1535–41.
7-
Holick
MF,
Garabedian
M.
Vitamin
D:
photobiology,
metabolism,
mechanism
of
action,
and
clinical
applications.
In:
Favus
MJ,
editor.
Primer
on
the
metabolic
bone
diseases
and
disorders
of
mineral
metabolism.
6th
ed,
Washington,
DC:
American
Society
for
Bone
and
Mineral
Research;
2006:
129–37.
8-
Holick
MF.
Vitamin
D:
importance
in
the
prevention
of
cancers,
type
1
diabetes,
heart
disease,
and
osteoporosis.
Am
J
ClinNutr
2004;
79:362–71.
9-
Munger
KL,
Levin
LI,
Hollis
BW,
Howard
NS,
Ascherio
A.
Serum
25-hydroxyvitamin
D
levels
and
risk
of
multiple
sclerosis.
JAMA
2006;
296:2832–8.
10-
Holick
MF.
Calcium
plus
vitamin
D
and
the
risk
of
colorectal
cancer.
N
Engl
J
Med
2006;
354:
2287–8.
11-
Zittermann
A.
Vitamin
D
and
disease
prevention
with
special
reference
to
cardiovascular
disease.
ProgBiophysMolBiol
2006;
92:
39–48.
12-
Moradzadeh
K,
Larijani
B,
Keshtkar
A,
Hossein-
Nezhad
A,
Rajabian
R,
Nabipour
I,
et
al.
Normative
values
of
vitamin
D
among
Iranian
population:
a
population
based
study.
Int
J
OsteoMetabDisord
2008;
1:
8-15.
13-
Daftary
GS,
Taylor
HS.
Endocrine
regulation
of
HOX
genes.
Endocr
Rev
2006;
27:
331-55.
14-
Kinuta
K,
Tanaka
H,
Moriwake
T,
et
al.
Vitamin
D
is
an
important
factor
in
estrogen
biosynthesis
of
both
female
and
male
gonads.
Endocrinology
2000;
141:
1317-24.
15-
Garbedian
K,
Boggild
M,
Moody
J,
Liu
KE.
Effect
of
vitamin
D
status
on
clinical
pregnancy
rates
following
in
vitro
fertilization.
Can
Med
Assoc
2013;
1:
77-82.
16-
Parikh
G
VM,
Suwandhi
P,
Araki
T,
Rosenwaks
Z,
Poretsky
L,
Seto-Young
D.
Vitamin
D
regulates
steroidogenesis
and
insulin-like
growth
factor
binding
protein-1
(IGFBP-1)
production
in
human
ovarian
cells.
Hum
Metab
Res
2010;
42:
754-757.
17-
Thomson
RL,
Spedding
S,
Buckley
JD.
Vitamin
D
in
the
Aetiology
and
Management
of
Polycystic
Ovary
Syndrome.
ClinEndocrinol.
2012;77(3):343-350.
18-
Ghadimi
R,
Esmaeilzadeh
S,
Firoozpour
M,
Ahmadi
A.
Does
vitamin
D
status
correlate
with
clinical
and
biochemical
features
of
polycystic
ovary
syndrome
in
high
school
girls?
Caspian
J
Intern
Med
2014;
5(4):
202-208.
19-
Thys-Jacobs
S,
Donovan
D,
Papadopoulos
A,
Sarrel
P,
Bilezikian
JP.
Vitamin
D
and
calcium
dysregulation
in
the
polycystic
ovarian
syndrome.
Steroids
1999;
64:
430-435.
20-
Wehr
E,
Pieber
TR,
Obermayer-Pietch
B.
Effect
of
vitamin
D3
treatment
on
glucose
metabolism
and
menstrual
frequency
in
PCOS
women
–
a
pilot
study.
J
Endocrinol
Invest
2011;
34:
757-63.
21-
Whitehouse
AJ,
Holt
BJ,
Serralha
M,
et
al.
Maternal
serum
vitamin
D
levels
during
pregnancy
and
offspring
neurocognitive
development.
Pediatrics.
2012;
Feb
13
[Epub].
22-
Canadian
Paediatric
Society,
Vitamin
D
supplementation:
recommendations
for
Canadian
mothers
and
infants
[Position
Statement
(FNIM
2007-01)].
Paediatr.
Child
Health
2007,
12,
583–589.
23-
Hollis
BW.
Randomized
controlled
trials
to
determine
the
safety
of
vitamin
D
supplementation
during
pregnancy
and
lactation.
In
Fourteenth
Workshop
on
Vitamin
D.
Brugge,
Belgium,
2009.
24-
National
Institute
of
Health
Office
of
Dietary
Supplements.
Dietary
Supplement
Fact
Sheet
Vitamin
D
http://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/VitaminD-HealthProfessional/).
25-
Polyzos
N.
P,
Anckaert
E,
Guzman
L,
Schiettecatte
J,
Landuyt
L.V,
Camus
M,
Smitz
J,
Tournaye
H.
Vitamin
D
deficiency
and
pregnancy
rates
in
women
undergoing
single
embryo,
blastocyst
stage,
transfer
(SET)
for
IVF/ICSI.
Hum.
Reprod.
2014;
0(0):
1-9.
26-
Grundmann
M,
Versen-Höynck
F
V.
Vitamin
D
-
roles
in
women’s
reproductive
health?
ReprodBiolEndocrinol.
2011;
9:
146.
27-
Aleyasin
A,
Hosseini
MA,
Mahdavi
A,
Safdarian
L,
Fallahi
P,
Mohajeri
MR,
et
al.
Predictive
value
of
the
level
of
vitamin
D
in
follicular
fluid
on
the
outcome
of
assisted
reproductive
technology.
Eur
J
ObstetGynecolReprodBiol
2011;
159:
132-137.
28-
Rudick
B,
Ingles
S,
Chung
K,
Stanczyk
F,
Paulson
R,
Bendikson
K.
Characterizing
the
influence
of
vitamin
D
levels
on
IVF
outcomes.
Hum
Reprod
2012;
27:
3321-3327.
29-
Franasiak
JM,
Molinaro
TA,
Dubell
EK,
Scott
KL,
Ruiz
AR,
Forman
EJ
et
al.;
Vitamin
D
levels
do
not
affect
IVF
outcomes
following
the
transfer
of
euploid
blastocysts.
American
journal
of
obstetrics
and
gynecology,
2015;
212(3):
315.
e1-315.
30-
Yu
Z,
Kastenmüller
G,
He
Y,
Belcredi
P,
Möller
G,
Prehn
C,
et
al.
(2011)
Differences
between
Human
Plasma
and
Serum
Metabolite
Profiles.
PLoS
ONE
6(7):
e21230.
doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0021230
31-
Georgios
M
Anifandis,
Konstantinos
Dafopoulos,
Christina
I
Messini,
Nektarios
Chlvatzas,
Nikolaos
Liakos,
Spyros
Pournaras,
Lonnis
E
Messinis.
Prognostic
value
of
follicular
fluid
25-OH
vitamin
D
and
glucose
levels
in
the
IVF
outcome.
Reproductive
Biology
and
Endocrinology
2010.8:91.
32-
Dehghani
Firouzabadi
R.
Rahmani
E.
Rahsepar
M.
Mahdavi
Firouzabadi
M.
Value
of
follicular
fluid
vitamin
D
in
predicting
the
pregnancy
rate
in
an
IVF
program.
arch
gynecolobstet
(2014)289:201-206.
33-
Farzadi
L,
Bidgoli
HK,
Ghojazadeh
M,
Bahrami
Z,
Fattahi
A,
Latifi
Z,
et
al.
Correlation
between
follicular
fluid
25-OH
vitamin
D
and
assisted
reproductive
outcomes.
Iran
J
Reprod
Med
2015;
Vol.
13.
No.
6.
pp:
361-366,
34-
Ozkan
S,
Jindal
S,
Greenseid
K,
Shu
J,
Zeitlian
G,
Hickmon
C,
et
al.
Replete
vitamin
D
stores
predict
reproductive
success
following
in
vitro
fertilization.
FertilSteril
2010;
94:
1314-1319.
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